↑ Official Records, Series I, Volume XXV, Part 1, pages 156–170
1 2 Second Division (II Army Corps) and VI Army Corps engaged at Fredericksburg (or Marye's Heights), Salem Heights (or Salem Church) and near Banks' Ford, Va., May 3–4, 1863. Further information: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXV, Part 1, pages 188–191.
↑ Official Records, Series I, Volume XXV, Part 1, pages 789–794
1 2 Jubal A. Early's Division (II Army Corps) and McLaws's Division (I Army Corps) engaged at Fredericksburg (or Marye's Heights), Salem Heights (or Salem Church) and near Banks' Ford, Va., May 3–4, 1863.
1 2 3 4 5 Union strength include forces engaged at Fredericksburg and Salem Church, Va. (3–4 Mei, 1863). Further information: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXV, Part 2, page 320 and Official Records, Series I, Volume XXV, Part 1, pages 188–191.
1 2 3 4 133,868 Union troops and 60,892 Confederate troops according to Bigelow, pp. 132–136 and Eicher, p. 475; Furgurson, p. 88, Kennedy, p. 197: "about 130,000 to 60,000."; Salmon, p. 173: "more than 133,000 ... about 60,000." The NPS states Union 97,382, Confederate 57,352.
1 2 Confederate strength include forces engaged at Fredericksburg and Salem Church, Va. (3–4 Mei 1863). Further information: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXV, Part 2, page 696.
1 2 3 4 Casualties cited are for the full campaign. Further information: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXV, Part 1, pages 172–192.
1 2 3 4 Eicher, p. 488. Casualties cited are for the full campaign. Sears, pp. 492, 501, cites 17,304 Union (1,694 killed, 9,672 wounded, and 5,938 missing) and 13,460 Confederate (1,724 killed, 9,233 wounded, and 2,503 missing).
↑ Casualties cited are for the full campaign. Further information: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXV, Part 1, pages 806–809/947–949.
↑ There were three battles and one cavalry raid during the campaign. Because the three battles happened in a small geographic area and had overlapping timelines, this article covers both the battle around the village of Chancellorsville and the full campaign.
↑ Krick, p. 41; Sears, pp. 68–70, 100–102; Fishel, pp. 286–95. The Army of the Potomac was able to call on the services of self-styled "Professor of Aeronautics" Thaddeus S. C. Lowe and his two hydrogenaerostats Washington and Eagle, which regularly ascended to heights of 1,000 kaki (300 m) or more to observe Lee's positions.
↑ Gallagher, pp. 9–10; Eicher, p. 474; Cullen, pp. 17–18; Welcher, p. 659; Sears, pp. 120–24.
↑ Cullen, p. 17; Gallagher, pp. 10–11; Welcher, p. 659; Sears, pp. 137–38.
↑ Sears, pp. 132, 193–94; Krick, pp. 35–36; Gallagher, pp. 11–13; Cullen, p. 19.
↑ Sears, pp. 98–99; Cullen, p. 19; Salmon, pp. 173–74.
↑ Esposito, text for map 84; Gallagher, pp. 13–14; Salmon, p. 175; Sears, pp. 141–58; Krick, p. 32; Eicher, pp. 475, 477; Welcher, pp. 660–61.
↑ Salmon, pp. 176–77; Gallagher, pp. 16–17; Krick, pp. 39; Salmon, pp. 176–77; Cullen, pp. 21–22; Sears, pp. 187–89.
↑ 413 guns according: Bigelow, p. 136; Gallagher, p. 7; Salmon, p. 173.
↑ Sears, pp. 212–13; Cullen, pp. 26–28. Eicher, p. 478. called Hooker's order "an almost surrealistic blunder." Furgurson, pp. 130–32, wrote "With mass, position, and momentum on his side, after one of the most successful opening moves in American military history, Hooker bowed and handed the initiative to Lee. ... At no other time between Sumter and Appomattox did moral character so decisively affect the battle." Both Eicher and Furgurson suggest that Hooker's abstinence from alcohol during the battle may have affected his normally pugnacious personality. Krick, p. 9, refers to "impressive evidence" that he was drinking during the battle, but that "other evidence" denies the fact.
↑ Sears, pp. 233–35; Esposito, text for map 86; Eicher, p. 479; Cullen, pp. 28–29; Krick, pp. 64–70; Salmon, pp. 177–78.
↑ Sears, pp. 228–30; Furgurson, pp. 156–57; Welcher, p. 667.
↑ Cullen, p. 29; Sears, pp. 244–45; Salmon, p. 178.
↑ Sears, pp. 245, 254–59; Krick, p. 76; Salmon, pp. 178–79; Cullen, pp. 30–32; Welcher, p. 668.
↑ Krick, pp. 84–86; Salmon, p. 179; Cullen, p. 34; Sears, pp. 257–58.
↑ Furgurson, p. 90; Eicher, pp. 480–82; Sears, pp. 237–38, 270.
↑ Sears, p. 272; Furgurson, p. 171, estimates 5:15 and states that various reports from the combatants list the starting time from as early as 4 p.m. to as late as 6 p.m.
↑ Sears, p. 261. Only two thirds of Jackson's marching column participated in the assault. Some of A.P. Hill's men arrived late, other units were detached to guard the Orange Plank Road.
↑ Krick, pp. 104–105, 118; Sears, pp. 260–81; Eicher, pp. 480–82; Cullen, p. 34; Welcher, p. 670.
↑ Sears, pp. 281, 287, 289–91, 300–302, 488; Welcher, p. 673; Eicher, p. 483; Salmon, p. 180; Krick, pp. 146–48.
↑ Furgurson, pp. 196–206, 213–16; Krick, pp. 136–46; Salmon, pp. 180–81; Sears, pp. 293–97, 306–307, 446–49; Smith, pp. 123–27. For representative speculation about Gettysburg, see David G. Martin, Gettysburg July 1, rev. ed. (Conshohocken, PA: Combined Publishing, 1996), ISBN 0-938289-81-0, pp. 563–65, or Furgurson, pp. 349–50.
↑ Goolrick, 140–42; Esposito, text for map 88; Sears, pp. 312–14, 316–20; Salmon, pp. 181–82; Cullen, pp. 36–39; Welcher, p. 675.
↑ Welcher, pp. 676–77; Eicher, pp. 483–85; Salmon, pp. 182–83; Krick, p. 199. Sears, p. 325: "Under the particular conditions he inherited, then, it is hard to see how Jeb Stuart, in a new command, a cavalryman commanding infantry and artillery for the first time, could have done a better job."
↑ Krick, pp. 191–96; Esposito, text for map 91; Welcher, p. 682; Cullen, p. 45; Sears, pp. 417–30. Goolrick, p. 158: In the council of war, Meade, Reynolds, and Howard voted to fight. Sickles and Couch voted to withdraw; Couch actually favored attack, but lacked confidence in Hooker's leadership. Slocum did not arrive until after the vote, and Sedgwick had already withdrawn from the battlefield.
The dates for the battle vary by historian. The National Park Service cites the period from the Union army's establishing a presence on the battlefield (April 30) until its retreat (May 6). McPherson, p. 643, cites May 2 to 6. Livermore, p. 98, May 1 to 4. McGowen, p. 392, May 2 to 3. The full Chancellorsville Campaign lasted from April 27 to May 7.
